Cardiac Catheterization Lab (Cath Lab)

The Cardiac Catheterization Lab (Cath Lab) is a specialized facility where minimally invasive procedures are performed to diagnose and treat heart conditions. Using advanced imaging and catheter-based techniques, doctors can identify heart problems and perform interventions with minimal risk and faster recovery than traditional surgery.

Common Procedures in the Cath Lab

Coronary Angiography

Objective: To visualize the coronary arteries and detect blockages.

How it Works: A contrast dye is injected into the coronary arteries, and X-ray imaging creates detailed pictures.

Angioplasty & Stent Placement

Objective: To open blocked arteries and keep them open using a balloon and stent.

How it Works: A balloon catheter is inflated to clear blockages, and a stent is placed to keep the artery open.

Electrophysiology Studies

Objective: To diagnose arrhythmias and other heart rhythm issues.

How it Works: Catheters are used to map electrical signals in the heart and treat arrhythmias.

Balloon Valvuloplasty

Objective: To treat narrowed heart valves.

How it Works: A balloon catheter is used to stretch and widen the valve.

Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)

Objective: To visualize artery walls and detect plaque buildup.

How it Works: An ultrasound probe on the catheter provides images of the blood vessels.

Benefits of the Cath Lab

Minimally Invasive: Small incisions with quicker recovery times.

Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment: Real-time imaging helps guide decisions.

Effective Interventions: Many heart conditions can be treated in the Cath Lab, reducing the need for major surgery.

Conditions Treated

Coronary artery disease

Heart attacks

Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)

Valve disease

Peripheral artery disease

Conclusion

The Cardiac Catheterization Lab offers a vital, minimally invasive approach to diagnosing and treating heart conditions, improving outcomes and reducing recovery times for patients.